Heat station equipment

Heat substation equipment: components for reliable and efficient operation

The heat substation is the "heart" of a building's heating system, on which the evenness of heat distribution, failure prevention and overall energy efficiency depend. In the Amegata range you will find top-quality components from time-tested manufacturers such as Danfoss, Reflex, Flamco and Caleffi.

Main components of a heat substation

• Expansion vessels: For domestic systems - Reflex NG or Flamco Flexcon with a fixed membrane. For B2B sites - larger-volume Reflex G with a replaceable membrane (repair without replacing the vessel).
• Safety groups and pressure switches: Safety consoles (pressure gauge + safety valve + automatic air vent) + Danfoss KP series pressure switches (pressostats).
• Magnetic dirt separators: Caleffi Dirtmag, Flamco Clean Smart - a mandatory standard with modern A-class pumps, protecting heat exchangers from magnetite.
• Make-up valves: Automatically top up the missing amount of heat transfer medium and maintain the working pressure.
• Instrumentation: Pressure gauges and thermometers for visual monitoring of parameters.

How to assemble a heat substation correctly

• System capacity and volume: Expansion vessel volume ≈ 10-12% of the total system water.
• Pump protection: With A-class pumps - a magnetic dirt separator is essential (a Y strainer is not enough).
• Control: Electronic controllers + actuators and valves + Danfoss KP switches.
• Ease of maintenance: Before the expansion vessels - isolating valves with a drain function.

Heat substation equipment maintenance

1. Expansion vessel check: Once a year - measure the air pressure (with no pressure in the system).
2. Cleaning magnetic dirt separators: Before the season + one month after the start - remove the magnet, drain the dirt.
3. Testing safety valves: Turn the head so that it does not scale up. Read why heat exchangers fail.

FAQ about heat substation equipment

How do I select the expansion vessel size?
The vessel volume depends on the total amount of water in the system and the building height (static pressure). General rule: vessel volume ≈ 10-12% of the total system water volume.

When does a pressure gauge need replacing?
If the needle does not return to the zero position, the dial glass is missing, or liquid has started to leak from a glycerine-filled gauge.

Is a Y strainer enough, or is a magnetic dirt separator necessary?
In old systems - a Y strainer. With modern electronic pumps (A-class) - a magnetic dirt separator is mandatory.

What does a pressure switch (pressostat) do?
It monitors the system pressure. If the pressure drops dangerously (a leak) or rises, the Danfoss KP switch sends a signal to the controller so that it switches off the heat source or the pumps.

Need professional help putting together a heat substation? Contact the Amegata engineers - we will help you select expansion vessels, magnetic dirt separators, safety groups and other fittings.